Connectives

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Popper’s relational characterizations of conjunction, disjunction, and classical negation: not connectives built into the syntax of a basis, but properties an object can have, stated purely in terms of relative demonstrability. A basis need not have anything satisfying these properties, and if something does, that is what makes it a conjunction, a disjunction, or a classical negation.

Source: Binder, Piecha & Schroeder-Heister (eds.), The Logical Writings of Karl Popper, Trends in Logic 58 (2022). Editors’ introduction: section 5.5 (conjunction and disjunction, rules (C∧) and (C∨)), section 6.1 (classical negation, rules (C¬k1) and (C¬k2)).

\(m\) is a conjunction of \(a\) and \(b\): for every object \(d\), \(m\) alone derives \(d\) exactly when \(a\) and \(b\) together derive \(d\).

Popper.Basis1.IsConjunction (S : Popper.Basis1) (a b m : S.Obj) : Prop
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fun S a b m =>  (d : S.Obj), S.Derive [m] [d]  S.Derive [a, b] [d]

Complexity: 91 (size of the value term)

Outer dependencies: Popper.Basis1

Inner dependencies: Popper.Basis1.Derive

Lean core dependencies: Iff

\(j\) is a disjunction of \(a\) and \(b\): for every object \(d\), \(d\) alone derives \(j\) exactly when \(d\) derives \(a\) or \(b\).

Popper.Basis1.IsDisjunction (S : Popper.Basis1) (a b j : S.Obj) : Prop
Show details
fun S a b j =>  (d : S.Obj), S.Derive [d] [j]  S.Derive [d] [a, b]

Complexity: 91 (size of the value term)

Outer dependencies: Popper.Basis1

Inner dependencies: Popper.Basis1.Derive

Lean core dependencies: Iff

\(n\) is a classical negation of \(a\): for every context \(d\) and every object \(c\), \(d\) together with \(n\) derives \(c\) exactly when \(d\) alone derives \(a\) or \(c\).

Popper.Basis1.IsClassicalNegation (S : Popper.Basis1) (a n : S.Obj) : Prop
Show details
fun S a n =>  (d c : S.Obj), S.Derive [d, n] [c]  S.Derive [d] [a, c]

Complexity: 99 (size of the value term)

Outer dependencies: Popper.Basis1

Inner dependencies: Popper.Basis1.Derive

Lean core dependencies: Iff

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